The pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay between environmental factors and genetic predispositions. While lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, and smoking are well-documented contributors, genetic factors play a crucial role in determining an individual’s susceptibility to CVD.
There are numerous genetic loci associated with heightened risk of CVD. These loci are involved in various biological pathways, including lipid metabolism, inflammation, and vascular function. Understanding these genetic risk factors can help in early identification of individuals at high risk, allowing for timely interventions.
One of the valuable recent development in genetic field is polygenic risk scores (PRS), which aggregate the effects of multiple genetic variants to estimate an individual's overall genetic risk for CVD. PRS is a powerful tool in predicting disease risk and guiding personalized prevention strategies.
From a recent study published by the European Heart Journal, which utilized large-scale genomic data, identified several genetic markers associated with increased risk of developing CVD. These findings underscore the importance of genetic screening and personalized medicine in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases.
As the PRS is ethnicity-dependent, we are working on developing PRS specifically for the Asian population, primarily consisting of Malays, Chinese, and Indians.
The benefits of genetic risk awareness include motivate individuals to adopt healthier lifestyles, such as improving diet, increasing physical activity, and avoiding smoking. Regular check-ups and genetic screening can be part of a proactive approach to health management.
For those with a family history of CVD, understanding their genetic predisposition can inform decisions about lifestyle changes and medical interventions. It can also guide discussions with healthcare providers about personalized prevention and treatment options.
The intersection of genetics and cardiovascular disease offers promising avenues for improving public health through personalized medicine. There are increasing more evidence showing the importance of genetic factors in CVD risk and highlight the potential of genetic screening and polygenic risk scores in enhancing prevention and treatment strategies. From public health perspective, embracing this knowledge can lead to more informed health decisions and better outcomes in the fight against cardiovascular disease.
Reference:
https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae342/7689554